Standardized Grape Seed Extract

INCI Name: Vitis Vinefera (Grape) Seed Extract
Part Used: Seeds
Chemistry: 95% Proanthocyanidins – phenolic compounds in the form of polymers or oligomers, built of flavan-3-ol units, such as catechin, epicatechin, gallocatechin, epigallocatechin, afzelechin and epiafzelechin.
Plant Description: The grapevine is a perennial plant grown in warm temperate regions of the world. It produces clusters of pale green flowers. The fruit has green, yellow or reddish-purple skins and two to four seeds inside the pulpy flesh.
Olive Leaf Attributes: Studies have indicated the following:
Potent Antioxidant/free radical scavenger (2,7,9)
More Potent antioxidant than Vitamins C, E (7,8) Anti-inflammatory (2,4)
Anti-Aging (2,10)
UV Protection (4,10)
Hair Growth Promotion (1,3,5,6)
Reduced Sun Burn Cell Formation (10)
Protects Epidermal Immune Cells from UVA,B (10) Supports Wound Healing (11)
Applications: Skin Care
Hair Care
References:
  1. Tsukuba Research Laboratories, Kyowa Hakko Kogyo Co et al; “Toxicological Studies on Procyanidin B-2 for External Application as a Hair Growing Agent” Food and Chemical Toxicology 37 (1999) 545-552
  2. Jifu Ahao, Jiannong Wang, et al; “Anti-tumor-promoting activity of a polyphenolic fraction isolated from grape seeds in the mouse skin two-stage initiation-promotion protocol and identification of procyanidin B5-3-gallate as the most effective antioxidant constituent”, Carcinogenesis, vol 20 no 9 1737-1745
  3. Tomoya Takahashi, Toshikazu Kamiya, et at; “Procyanidin Oligomers Selectively and Intensively Promote Proliferation of Mouse Hair Epithelial Cells In Vitro and Activate Hair Follicle Growth In Vivo”, The Society for Investigative Dermatology, Vol 112, No3, 1999
  4. Rachid Bouhamidi, Virginie Prevost, Andre Nouvelot; “High protection by grape seed proanthocyanidins (GSPC) of polyunsaturated fatty acids against UV-C induced peroxidation”, Plant Biology and Pathology; Life Sciences, 321, 31-38 1998
  5. Tomoya Takahashi, Toshikazy Kamiya et al; “Proanthocyanidins from Grape Seeds Promote Proliferation of Mouse Hair Follicle Cels In vitro and Convert Hair Cycle In vivo”, Acta Derm Venereol (Stockh); 78:428-432, 1998
  6. T. Takahashi, A. Kamimura, Y. Yokoo; “Procyanidin B2 and the Hair-Growing Activity of Proanthocyanidins”, Cosmetics & Toiletries magazine; Vol 116 Dec 2001
  7. Bagchi, D, Garg A, Krohn RL et al; “Oxygen free radical scavenging abilities of vitamins C and E, and a grape seed proanthocyanidin extract in vitro” Research Communications in Molecular Pathology and Pharmacology; Vol 95, No 2, Feb 1997
  8. Debasis Bagchi, Manashi Bagchi, et al; “Free radicals and grape seed proanthocyanidin extract: importance in human health and disease prevention” Toxicology 148 187-197, 2000
  9. Magdalena C Kowalczyk, Zbigniew Walaszek, et al; “Differential effects of several phytochemicals and their derivatives on murine keratinocytes in vivo: implications for skin cancer prevention”, Carcinogenesis, vol 30 no 6 1008-1015 2009
  10. Xiao-Ying Yuan, Wei Liu M.D., et al; “Topical Grape Seed Proanthocyandin Extract Reduces Sunburn Cells and Mutant p53 Positive Epidermal Cell Formation, and Prevents Depletion of Langerhans Cells in an Acute Sunburn Model”, Photomedicine and Laser Surgery; Vol 30, No 1; 2012
  11. Savita Khanna, Mika Venojarvi, Sashwati Roy; “Dermal Wound Healing Properties of Redox-active Grape Seed Proanthocyanidins”, Free Radical Biology & Medicine, Vol 33, No 8; 1089-1096, 2002